Chargeback
A chargeback is a card payment reversed by the cardholder’s bank through the card scheme rather than settled with you directly. The money is usually taken back first and argued about afterwards, and the window can run to several months after the sale depending on the reason code. Chargebacks are won or lost on records, not on arguments.
In practice
A chargeback is a dispute raised through the card scheme rather than with you. The money is usually taken back first and argued about afterwards, and the window can run to several months after the sale depending on the reason code and the scheme.
They are won or lost on records. The order, the basket, the payment reference, the authentication result, the delivery or collection timestamps, and any message exchanged with the customer. A system that keeps all of that together produces a defence in minutes; a till roll and a memory produces nothing.
For food the commonest reasons are "did not receive" and "not as described", which is why collection handovers and delivery confirmations are worth recording even though they feel like bureaucracy on a busy night.
Also called: payment dispute, card dispute.